Vietnam's coastal city and some problems

The article of Dr. Nguyen Hong Hanh Head of the Department of Public Development and Social Affairs Director of the Institute of Economic Development and Construction of Vietnam General Construction Association at the Seminar "Overview and current situation of coastal cities in Vietnam - some perspectives on development control".

Vietnam's sea and islands are an inseparable part of the sacred territory of the Vietnamese Fatherland, which has been openly explored and managed by our ancestors hundreds of years ago and handed down to us until today. Firmly protecting Vietnam's sovereignty over the sea and islands is the sacred responsibility of every Vietnamese citizen for the nation's history, an important factor in ensuring the country's sustainable development. The Resolution of the 12th Party Congress clearly states: “Resolutely and persistently struggle to firmly defend the independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the Fatherland; maintain a peaceful environment for the development of the country…”. That is the will and determination of the Vietnamese people under the leadership of the Party.

Seas and oceans have always played an important role in the political, economic and social life of countries around the world. Entering the early 70s of the last century, science - technology has made great progress, allowing people to use and reach deep and offshore seas to exploit resources. To provide a legal basis for such activities, the coastal states enacted laws extending their jurisdiction over the seas and continental shelves.

While countries with different capacities will own different seas and continental shelves, if there is no international legal document governing the scope and mode of deployment of maritime activities and The ocean is in line with the general development trend, while maintaining security and order at sea, and protecting the long-term interests of the international community, which will lead to injustice and the risk of depletion of resources. resources and destruction of the marine environment. With the aforementioned approach, Malta - a small coastal country in Europe, represented by Ambassador Arvid Pardo, a shrewd jurist, initiated a proposal to the United Nations to sponsor a Conference. International drafting of the Law of the Sea Convention (1967).

SOME GENERAL ASSESSMENTS

- Vietnam is a maritime country, with many favorable conditions in terms of geographical location and natural conditions, but these advantages have not been turned into opportunities to develop marine economy and marine urban areas.

- Despite the Party and Government's policy on marine economic development, the central and local authorities are still confused in implementation.

- Currently, although there are legal provisions on island cities, it is only a regulation to reduce the criteria compared to urban areas of the same type, not mentioning specific factors that need to be promoted or protected. guard.

- Coastal cities are currently being seen as delta and mountain cities with a multi-functional integrated development mindset, but it is not clear that the development mindset of marine economic sectors is the driving force for development development of cities with sea and island potential.

- The role of economic zones, industrial zones and seaports has not been clearly seen as the driving force for marine urban development.

- Large economic-financial centers have not yet been formed to create attraction and serve as an infrastructure foundation to boost the operational efficiency of marine economic sectors, tourism, services,... and the seaport system. in coastal cities.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the assessment of the above issues, I would like to propose some recommendations as follows:

- Develop a marine urban development strategy closely linked with the "Strategy for sustainable development of Vietnam's marine economy to 2030, with a vision to 2045" of the Party Central Committee;

- Supplementing the development orientation of the sea and island urban system is a major content in the Adjustment of the overall development orientation of Vietnam's urban system to 2025 with a vision to 2050 and the National Urban Development Program. period 2021 - 2045;

- In urban planning, construction and development, it is necessary to identify the core element of creating a market as one or several economic - financial - education - training - health centers,... economic sectors, tourism - services , in parallel with the development of socio-technical infrastructure systems and residential areas to develop coastal and island urban areas;

- Formulate legal regulations as a basis for the planning and construction and development of coastal and island urban areas.

That is the main reason for the Vietnam General Construction Association to hold the seminar "Overview and current state of Vietnam's coastal cities - some perspectives on development control" today, to clarify the main issues. need to be resolved in the near future, which is the basis for the General Assembly of Vietnam Construction to make recommendations to the Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations and competent agencies of the Party, National Assembly and Government.

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